As the next step in creating a worldwide platform for its 1.1 L/cyl 1100 series of diesel engines, Perkins Engines will launch two new Tier 3/Stage 3a compliant engines at this month's Bauma exhibition in Germany. New from Perkins will be "D" versions of its four-cylinder and six-cylinder 1100 series diesels.
Over the years, from the onset of diesel emissions regulations through to today, what is now called the 1100 series is in many ways a microcosm of diesel engine development in today's regulated environment.
Originally Perkins' venerable 4.236 diesel, the engine family was upgraded as Tier 1 approached and renamed the 1000 series, with the (our-cylinder model 1004 and the six-cylinder 1006.
For Tier 2, Perkins renamed the engines the 1100 series and developed a completely new four-cylinder 1104C. Literally everything about the engine was changed; new engine block, new cross flow cylinder heads, crankshafts, camshafts, pistons and connecting rods. The 1104 also grew from a 4.0 L displacement to 4.4 L.
Now with Tier 3/Stage 3a looming, Perkins has taken the next step. The 1104 has been significantly upgraded and the 1106D is almost entirely new. Like the 1104C, the 1106D has had a complete makeover with new engine block, new cross-flow cylinder heads, crankshafts, camshafts, pistons and connecting rods. The displacement has been increased here as well with the 6.0 L engine now becoming a 6.6 L diesel.
With these changes the 1104D and 1106D engines now have a much higher degree of commonality than previous versions, setting the stage for a global platform application package. A platform that Jaz Gill, program manager for Perkins, Peterborough, U.K., said is less complex, has fewer components and morn parts in common. "We want to give OEMs more breathing space and more assurances as they begin to adopt these new engines."
Perkins' Bauma launch will include a range of mechanical and electronic 1104D and 1106D engines using ingredients of Caterpillar's ACERT package, specifically fuel injection, electronics and combustion system technology.
At the heart of the new range is an advanced combustion management system that uses a precisely controlled, multiple fuel injection strategy using common rail delivery. This, Perkins said, significantly improves in-cylinder combustion to reduce N[O.sub.x] and hydrocarbon levels.
Perkins will also be introducing enhanced mechanical fuel system combustion technology for lower horse-power engines.
The development and adoption of the ACERT technology will deliver what Perkins said are major boosts in engine performance with up to 43% more power and 51% more torque available, with the top of the line now carrying ratings over 250 hp.
In addition, extended new power thresholds are in the pipeline for Perkins with ratings between 250 to 330 hp on six-cylinder engine models, for specific applications, due for launch from 2005.
With noise a factor in all markets, but especially in Europe and Asia, Perkins said the new combustion technology, in conjunction with mechanical enhancements, has helped lower bare engine noise in excess of 3 dB(A) and as much as 5 dB(A) at the top of the four- and six-cylinder range, further, subjective noise at idle is improved, traditionally a yardstick for equipment manufacturers.
Perkins said it has engineered noise out of many of the critical engine components including block, sump, timing case, geartrain and pistons and also strengthened the engine in the process.
Equipment manufacturers will see little change in package size, Gill said, reducing the need to re-engineer the machines. The surprising part comes in Perkins' goal of achieving no heat rejection rise over the current modal, so existing cooling packages will form the basis for Tier 3.
This launch is another significant move Perkins has made toward creating a global platform concept for the 1100 series diesel. The 1100C models introduced for Tier 2 will serve as the base engines of what Perkins said will become an engine line suitable for a emissions regulated or unregulated markets.
Eventually, the 1100 diesels will be available in up to five different versions; A through E. At one end, the A engines, when available, will be available for markets with little or no emissions requirements and thus not requiring the added/features (and costs) needed to comply with those standards.
At the other end, the full featured E versions, when introduced, will be the Tier 4/Stage 3b platform that Perkins takes into the most stringent emissions markets.
"The advantage will be that an equipment manufacturer will be able to design one platform, such as a global backhoe/loader, and use whatever version of the 1100 series meets each specific market requirement," said Allister Dennis, program leader.
Looking specifically, at each engine model, mechanical versions of the 11041D will include a two-valve head, rotary fuel injection pump, a single vee-belt design and optimized inlet manifold temperatures above 100 hp. Naturally aspirated, turbocharged and turbocharged-aftercooled versions will be offered.
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